我们什么情况下在一般现在时态单数第三人称动词之后不加s?

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我们什么情况下在一般现在时态单数第三人称动词之后不加s?

Question (问题)
When do we not add -s to the third person singular in the simple present tense? — Hanieh, Iran
我们什么情况下在一般现在时态单数第三人称动词之后不加s?

Answer (韦氏字典英语语言学习出版总监Jane Mairs女士解答)
The short answer is that, except for modal verbs, the third person singular in the simple present tense always ends in –s: she climbs, he runs, it rains, etc.
简短的答案是, 除了情态动词之外, 一般现在时态单数第三人称动词之后永远都要加上s: 例如she climbs她爬上, he runs他跑步, it rains下雨, 等等.

Now for a more detailed answer: For the vast majority of verbs, the third person singular in the simple present is formed by adding–s to the main form. However there are a few spelling rules and irregular verbs to be aware of.
现在来谈谈较细节的答案: 对于大部分的动词, 一般现在时态单数第三人称动词之后都加上s. 然而我们要注意有些拼写规则和不规则动词.

Spelling rules (拼写规则)
Add –es instead of –s if the base form ends in -s, -z, -x, -sh, -ch, or the vowel o (but not -oo). This adds an extra syllable to the word in spoken form .
如果原型动词尾部是s, z, x, sh, ch, 或母音o (但不是oo) 我们要加es而不是s. 这样就给这个字的口语型式上附加了一个额外的音节.

• miss + es = misses (想念) He misses her so much. (他很想念她)
• veto + es = vetoes (否决) She vetoes every idea that I suggest. (她否决了我所有的提议)

If the base form ends in consonant + y, remove the -y and add –ies:
如果动词原型以子音y为结尾, 除去y再加上ies:

• rely --> relies (信任) Tom relies on her. (汤姆信任她)
• defy --> defies (违反) Why she said that defies the imagination. (为什么她说那些话我们无法理解)

Irregular verbs (不规则动词)
Two very common irregular verbs that you already know do not follow the rules above (although their third person singular present forms do actually end in –s):
两个非常普通的不规则动词你已经知道不能依循以上的规则(虽然它们的一般现在时态单数第三人称动词确实结尾是s):

• be --> is
• have --> has

Modals (情态动词)
Finally, as mentioned above, the modal verbs, such as can, must, should, may and might, do not take -s in the third person singular present because, as you probably know, modal verbs do not take endings at all.
最后, 如上所述, 情态动词, 例如can, must, should, may 以及might, 不接受一般现在时态单数第三人称动词尾部加上s因为, 你也许知道, 情态动词根本不接受一般现在时态单数第三人称动词尾部加上任何的字母(也就是只接受这个动词本身的原型).

• She can speak three languages​​. (她能够说三种语言)
• He must like football a lot. (他肯定非常喜欢美式足球)


资料来源: http://www.learnersdictionary.com/qa/th ... sent-tense