详解介词to

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royl
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详解介词to

帖子 royl » 周日 6月 27, 2010 6:00 am

详解介词to

本文资料乃取自于韦氏学习者字典, 如网友有兴趣阅读英语原文,可以点击此连接: http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/to

1. 后面加上动词成为不定动词:
I like to swim. (我喜欢游泳)
“To be, or not to be—that is the question…” —Shakespeare, Hamlet (1600) (死亡或生存—这是一个问题)
That's a tough question to answer. (一个难以回答的问题)
I have an appointment to keep. (我有一个约会要赴)
The soup is too hot to eat. (浓汤太烫没法吃)
Do you need to use this? (你需要用这个吗?)
I have to go now. (我必须马上要走了)
To look at him, you'd never think he was 80! (看看他, 你绝不会想到他已经八十岁)
I didn't really like the movie, to be honest. —often used by itself in place of an infinitive verb when the verb is understood (说实话, 我真不喜欢这个电影)
You can go if you want to. [=you can go if you want to go] (你可以离开假如你想要的话)
“You left the door unlocked.” “I didn't mean to.” (“你没锁门” “我不是故意的”)

2a. 移向, 走向地点, 人或物:
We are flying to London tomorrow. (我们明天飞往伦敦)
They climbed to the top of the mountain. (爬到山顶)
I sent the e-mail to the wrong address. (递送电邮到错误地址)
He was sent to the principal. (他被送到校长处)
The little girl ran to her mother. (小女孩跑向她母亲)

2b. 某人参与一个特定活动的地点:
Where do you go to school? (小女孩跑向她母亲)
She wore her new red dress to the party. (她穿一套红色新衣裙赴宴)
We went to lunch together. (我们一起去吃午餐)
This is the child's first visit to the dentist. (这是我小孩第一次看牙医)

3. 方向:
There is a lake a mile to the south of here. (往南一英哩有一湖泊)
She had her back to me. [=her back was facing me] (她背对我)
The roads are parallel to each other. (两条路互相平行)

4. 限制或范围:
The water was up to my waist. (水淹到我的腰部)
The temperature outside rose to 100 degrees. (外面温度升到一百度)
The word dates (back) to 1639. (这个字追溯到1639年)
The show's audience is mainly men from 18 to 30 years of age. (这个节目的观众年纪主要为18到30岁之间的男人)
The band plays all kinds of music from country to hard rock. (这个乐团演奏各式各样音乐从乡村到硬式摇滚音乐)
The shirt is a light to medium pink. (衬衫的颜色是从浅到中粉红色)
The wines we tasted ranged from very poor to good to excellent. (这些葡萄酒的品质从劣等到不错到极佳)
To my knowledge, she has never visited Paris. [=I do not know of any time when she visited Paris] (依照我所知, 她从未去过巴黎)
I'll do it to the best of my ability. [=as well as I can] (我会尽力去做)

5a. 某个特定结果或结局:
The school was converted to an apartment building. (这个学校被转变成一个公寓大楼)
The vase was smashed to pieces. (花瓶被打的粉碎)
The promotion increased her salary to $50,000. (她的晋升使她的薪水增加到五万块钱)
He was sentenced to death. (他被判处死刑)
To their surprise, the train left on time. (他们惊讶的是, 火车准时离开)
A firefighter came to her rescue. [=a firefighter rescued her] (救火员救助她)
It's 100 miles (from here) to the nearest town. (从这里到附近乡镇一百英哩)

5b. 依照, 按照:
The wedding gown was made to her specifications. [=was made in the way that she specified] (结婚礼服是按照她的指定来做的)
Add salt to taste. [=add as much salt as you want according to your taste] (依照你自己的口味加盐)

6a. 某时期或时段的结束:
He works from nine to [=until, till] five. (他工作从九点到五点)
Up to now, no one has beaten the record. (到现在为止, 没人打破这个记录)
The movie keeps your attention from beginning to end. (这个电影使你从到到尾专心注意)

6b. 在时间或事件之前:
It is ten to six. [=it is 10 minutes before 6 o'clock] (再十分钟就六点)
She arrived at a quarter to five. (再十五分钟就五点)
I can't believe there are only five days to the wedding. (我真不相信只有五天就是结婚日子)
How long to kickoff? (距离开球还有多久?)

7a. 接受物品或行动的对象:
Give the letter to me. [=give me the letter] (把信交给我)
The teacher spoke to his parents. (老师对他的父母说话)
She showed a picture of her kids to me. (她把她的小孩照片给我看)
Refer to the dictionary. (参考或查阅字典)
Let me introduce you to my sister. (让我介绍你给我姐妹)
She was very rude to [=toward] him. (她对他很无礼)
“He's smart,” she thought to herself. (“他精明”她跟自己讲)

7b. 跟某人或某事致敬, 祝贺, 崇拜:
Let us drink to the bride and groom. (向新郎与新娘祝贺)
The people built temples to their gods. (建立寺庙崇拜他们的神祇)
The book is dedicated to her husband and children. (这本书是献给她的丈夫与小孩)

8a. 有姻亲关系的人或有关联的物:
She is married to my cousin. (她嫁给我的堂表兄弟)
He is related to me. (他与我有姻亲关系)
He is the assistant to the dean. (他是学院院长的助手)
You have always been a good friend to me. (你一直是我的好友)
I can't find the key (that goes) to this door. (我找不到这扇门的钥匙)
He owns the title to the property. (他拥有这个房地产的所有权状)

8b. 回应:
There wasn't much I could say to that. (对于那件事我没什么话可说)
The answer to your question is no. (对你的问题, 我的答案是不)
What would you say to a drink? [=would you like a drink?] (你想要一杯酒吗?)
Her dog comes to her call. [=comes when she calls] (她的狗回应她的呼唤)

9. 造成某事发生的原因:
She lost her mother to cancer. [=her mother died of cancer] (她母亲因癌症去逝)

10. 与其他比较的人, 事或物:
He prefers a good book to a movie. (比起看电影, 他宁愿读一本好书)
I have a pair of shoes similar to those. (我有一双跟那双相似的鞋)
His followers compared/likened him to a god. (他的信徒把他视为神明)
This problem is nothing to [=is nothing when compared to] the ones we previously had. (这个问题跟我们以前的问题不能比拟)
We won the game ten to six. [=we won the game because we had ten points while the other team had only six] (我们以十比六赢得这场比赛)
Their odds of winning are ten to one. (赢得这场比赛的机率是十比一)

11. 附着或触及某物的某物:
He tied the dog's leash to the post. (把狗链子栓在柱子)
She put her hand to [=on, against] her heart. (她把手触及她的心部)
He gently touched the bow to the violin's strings. (他轻轻地以琴弓触及琴弦)

12. 定数或定量的物品包含在另一物:
The pencils come ten to a box. [=there are ten pencils in each box] (一个盒子包含十支铅笔)
There are two pints to a quart. (一个夸特包含两个品脱)

13. 引起反应或事情发生时的声音:
Children were dancing to the music. (小朋友随着音乐跳舞)
He woke to the sound of pouring rain. (他随着倾盆大雨声音而醒来)

14a. 对…的意见:
The plan is agreeable to all of us. (这个计画大家都同意)
Her excuse sounded suspicious to me. (她的借口令我怀疑)
To him, the work seemed unnecessary. (对他来说, 这个工作似乎没必要)

14b. 以某人的观点:
Their marriage is news to me. [=I did not know about their marriage] (他们的结婚对我来说是新闻 = 没听说过他们结婚的事)
Your problems are of no concern to me! [=I don't care about your problems] (我不管你的问题)

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