详解介词after

[royl]

详解介词after

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1a. 发生于某一时间之后, 在…之后:
We arrived shortly after six o'clock. (我们在六点之后才到达)
He returned after 20 years. (他离开二十年之后回来)
before, during, and after the war (战前, 战争中, 战后)
He left just/right/immediately/soon/shortly after nightfall/dark. (他在天黑之后随即离开)
Night fell, and soon after that [=soon afterward] he left. (他离开之后随即天黑)
He finished the exam after me. (他在我之后才考完=我考完试之后他才交卷)
I stood up after the judge (did). [=the judge stood up before I (did)] (我随即在法官站起之后才站立)
Call me after your arrival. (你到达后打电话给我)
She was going to arrive tomorrow but I'm now expecting her the day after tomorrow instead. (她本来是明天到达, 但我预计她后天才会到达)
She hasn't lived there since (the time) after the war. (她在战后就不住那里)
They earned $30,000 after (paying) taxes. (付了税之后, 他们赚到三万块钱)
He left after an hour. (他于一小时之后离开)
Let's get going! It's after [=past] 12 (o'clock). (我们走吧! 现在已经过了十二点)
The job got easier after a while. [=after some time had passed] (经过一阵子, 工作变得容易些)

1b. 主要在美国—用来描述某一钟点之后的时间:
It's 20 (minutes) after 12. [=it's 20 past 12; it's 12:20] (现在是十二点二十分)

2a. 由于(某事)之随后:
After all our advice, she's certain to do better. [=she's certain to do better because we have given her our advice] (由于我们给的建议, 她肯定会做得更好)

2b. 尽管(某事)之随后:
Even after all our advice, she still did badly! [=she did badly even though we gave her our advice] (尽管我们给的建议, 她仍旧做得很差)
How can you say that after what happened last night? (尽管昨晚所发生的事, 你怎么可以说出这样的话?)

3a. 随…之后的顺序或序列:
It's the highest mountain after Mount Everest. (这是随埃弗列斯峰之后的最高山)
You'll see my house just before the bank and after the school. (你会看到我的房子位于银行之前, 学校之后)
The number 2 comes before 3 and after 1. [=2 comes between 1 and 3] (数字二在三之前, 一之后)
My name is listed after yours. (我的名字列在你的之后)
You go first and I'll go/follow after you. (你先走然后我随你之后)
The children marched out one after the other in single file. (小朋友一个接一个形成纵队走出)

* 短句"after you"是一个礼让方式告诉某人走在前面或者礼让某人先做一件事(例如, 先拿食物或排你前面)
After you, Madam! (您先请, 女士)

* 在英国英语里, 你可以说"after you"来告诉某人当他用完之后让你使用
After you with the pencil, please. [=I would like to use the pencil when you have finished using it] (请你用完铅笔之后让我用)

3b. 使用短句来描述某事发生许多次或发生很久一段时间:
They have suffered misfortune after misfortune. [=they have suffered a long series of misfortunes] (他们遭遇到一次接一次的不幸)
Wave after [=upon] wave was beating against the shore. (海浪不停地冲击岸边)
She does her job day after day without complaining. (她日复一日无怨地工作)
He's done the same thing time after time. (他反复地做同一件事)

4. 试图接住或取得:
The dog ran after the ball. [=the dog ran to get the ball] (这只狗跑去接球)
The police went/chased after the escaped criminal. (警员追逐逃犯)
The police are after him. [=are trying to catch him] (警方正在追缉他)
What do you think he's after with all his questions? [=what is he trying to achieve by asking his questions?] (他问了这么多的问题想要干什么?)

* 假如某人在"after you to do something ", 他/她不停地提醒你要做某件事
Mom was after me to clean my room. [=Mom repeatedly told me to clean my room] (母亲不停地提醒我要清理我的房间)

5. 随着某人的行动或离去之后:
She called/shouted after him as he walked away. [=she called/shouted at/toward him as he walked away] (当他离开时, 她在后面叫嚣)
They made a mess and didn't clean up after themselves. [=they didn't clean up the mess they made] (他们弄得一团糟但并没清理)
If you make a mess, don't expect me to clean up after you. (如果你弄脏了, 别指望我会清理)

6a. 以某人或某事或物来取名:
He was called George after his father. (他以他父亲之名取名为乔治; 也就是他与他父亲同名)
She was named after her grandmother. [=she was given the same name as her grandmother] (她以她祖母之名取名; 也就是她与她祖母同名)
The game rugby was named after Rugby School in England, where it began. (橄榄球之名洛克比是以英国的洛克比学校取名)

6b. 以…的型式或方式:
a building patterned after [=on] a cathedral (以大教堂为型式的建筑物)
(formal) a story after (the manner of) Hemingway (正式语, 以海明威风格所写出的故事)

7. 低重要性:
They put quality after quantity. [=they cared more about quantity than about quality] (他们注重数量高于质量)

8. 有关于:
I met one of your old friends and she was asking/inquiring after you. [=she was asking about you; she was asking how you are] (我碰到你一个老友, 她问到你的近况)
She was asking after your health. (她正问及你的健康状况)