详解介词on

请网友踊跃提出英语文问题, 或自己学习心得
回复
royl
帖子: 1762
注册时间: 周一 12月 14, 2009 9:10 pm

详解介词on

帖子 royl » 周五 6月 18, 2010 9:48 pm

详解介词on

本文资料乃取自于韦氏学习者字典, 如网友有兴趣阅读英语原文可以点击此连接: http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/on

1a. 触及与被物体顶端表面所支承:
The book is (lying) on the table. (这本书放在桌上)
There is a lot of frosting on the cake. (蛋糕上放了许多的霜糖)

1b. 处于一个被支承的地位:
You can get on [=onto] the horse as soon as we've put the saddle on it. (放好马鞍后可以骑上马背)
I climbed out on [=onto] the roof. (爬上屋顶)

1c. 人我物的部分或物体被支承:
How long can you stand on one foot? (一腿站立能撑多久)
He stood on the stool. (站在凳子上)
He was on his hands and knees looking for her earring. (趴在地上寻找耳环)

2. 某物附在某物之上:
He hung the painting on the wall. (把绘画挂在墙上)
Apples hung on the branches. (苹果挂在树枝上)

3. 人或物被撞或碰到:
I bumped my head on a low branch. (头撞上了低垂树枝)
He slapped me on the hand. (拍我的手)
She kissed him on the cheek. (亲我的脸颊)

4a. 被看到或被找到的某物表面或部分:
There are marks on the wall. (墙上的记号)
I have a cut on my finger. (手指被割伤)

4b. 某物被人穿戴:
the ring on her finger (手指戴的戒指)

5. 在某物或某人附近:
a village on [=by] the sea (滨海村)

6. 某人或某物的地点或位置:
Our house is on the left. (我们家在左边)
There is a garden on the side of the house. (在房屋旁边的花园)
We saw cows and chickens on the farm. (农场的牛群及鸡群)
He lives on Main Street. (住在缅因街)
on page 102 in/of the book (在书本的第102页)
Which side is it on? (在哪一面上)

7. 某事发生或将要发生的时间:
We met on July 24th. (我们在七月二十四号见面)
On my way home [=while I was going home], I saw a car accident. (回家途上见到车祸)
(formal) On the morning of July 24th, the suspect left his house at 8:15 am (正式语: 在七月二十四号, 嫌犯于早上八点十五分离开他的房子)
I would like the report on or before July 24th. (我要七月二十四号当天或以前的报告)
The TV station gives news every hour on the hour. [=at 6:00, 7:00, 8:00, etc.] (电视台每整点播报新闻)
The project was finished on schedule/time. [=when it was supposed to be finished] (工作项目准时完成)

8. 紧接之后:
What was your first reaction on hearing the news? [=when you heard the news] (听到新闻的第一反应)
You'll be required to pay on delivery of the package. [=when the package is delivered] (收到包裹之后必须付款, 美国购物方式之一, 又称COD, Cash on Delivery)

9. 主题:
a book on [=about] North American birds (有关北美鸟类的书)
a discussion on current events (时事讨论)
Let's reflect on [=upon] the poem for a moment. (思考这首诗片刻)
a test on parts of speech (词类的考试, 我们所说的八大词类英文就是parts of speech)

10a. 器材或仪器使用:
He played a couple songs on the piano. (钢琴演奏两首歌曲)
He cut his foot on a piece of broken glass. (玻璃碎片歌伤脚)

10b. 使用电话, 电脑, 等等:
They talked on the phone for hours. (在电话聊了几个钟头)
She was on the phone when I went to her office. (我去她的办公室时她在讲电话)
He has been on the computer all night. (一晚在电脑上)

10c. 在器材或系统上看到或听到某事:
It's the best show on television. (电视上最佳节目)
I heard that song on the radio. (在收音机听到的歌曲)
the display on the computer screen (电脑屏幕的显示)
a Web site on the Internet (互联网上的网站)
I have the movie on DVD. (DVD电影)

11. 金钱, 食物, 消息, 能量, 等等的来源:
She lives on a small salary. (以少量薪水维生)
The family lives on welfare. (家庭依靠政府福利度日)
They make their living on [=off] tourism. (靠旅游生意营生)
They profited on [=from] the sale of the house. (以卖屋赚钱)
The animal feeds on insects. (这动物以昆虫维生)
I lived on cereal [=I ate a lot of cereal regularly] in my college years. (在大学的日子里以谷类食物维生)
The machine runs on diesel fuel. (机器以柴油为燃料)
The story is based on fact. (故事基于事实)

12. 乘坐交通工具或动物:
I sometimes go to work on a bus. [=I sometimes take a bus to get to work] (搭公交车上班)
Have you ever ridden on a horse? (骑过马吗?)

13. 在特定时间拥有某物:
I only have $10 on me. (我身上只带十块钱)
He had a knife on him. (他身上揣着一把刀)

14. 状态:
The house is on fire! (房屋着火)
House sales are on the rise. [=are rising] (房屋销售正在成长中)
All shoes are on sale. (所有鞋子都折价销售)

15. 过去某人做或正在进行的活动:
She did well on the exam/test. (考试考得不错)
The band is currently on tour. (乐团正在巡回演出)
He is off/away on a trip/vacation. (在外地旅游)
She is on a diet. (减肥中)
The officers are on duty. (警官值勤中)

16. 人或动物正在使用药物:
He used to be on drugs, but he's off them now. (以前吸食毒品, 现再已戒掉)
(informal) What (drugs) is she on? (非正式语: 她吃了什么药?)
They put the dog on antibiotics. (给狗使用抗生素)

17. 负责的人或物:
The drinks are on me. [=I will pay for the drinks] (酒钱我来付)
They blamed it on me. [=they said it was my fault] (他们说这是我的错)

18a. 被指向的人, 事或物:
The deadline was creeping up on us. [=the deadline was getting closer] (截止日期一点点地接近)
an attack on religion (攻击宗教)
He is working on [=at] his skiing. (正在练习滑雪)
They are still working on the problem. (还在努力解决问题)
They made a down payment on the house. (缴付房屋头款)
He pulled a gun on me. (拔枪指着我)
He turned his back on her and walked away. (转身离开她)
a ban on smoking (禁止吸烟)
Her eyes were on the road. [=she was watching the road] (注意前面路况)

18b. 某人被某事或物所影响:
The crops died on them. (农作物在他们照顾下死亡)
Her husband walked out on her. (丈夫离弃她)

19. 放在形容词之后指出与其有关事或物的陈述:
I am short on cash. [=I don't have much cash] (我缺钱)
Opinions are divided on this issue. (对这个议题众议纷纷)
(Brit) Sales are up on last year's but down on those of previous years. (英国, 去年销售增加, 但之前几年是下降的)

20. 被陈明或显示出:
I have it on good authority [=a trustworthy person has told me] that the company will be relocating. (我有明证, 我们公司将要迁移)
(Brit) On [=according to] these estimates, we'll be out of debt soon. (英国, 依照估算, 我们将很快脱离债务)

21. 某人, 事, 或物被包括或列入一团体:
She served on the jury/committee/board. (参与/服务于陪审团/委员会/董事会)
He is on the team. (本队成员)
That dish is no longer on the menu. (这道菜已经不列入菜单内)
His name was on the list. (名字列入名单内)

22. 人, 事, 或物具有优势:
She has three inches in height on me. [=she is three inches taller than I am] (她比我高出三英吋)
The team has a 3-game lead on last year's champions. (此队领先去年冠军队三场比赛)
She is very talented but has nothing on [=has no advantage over] her brother who is an even better singer. (她是非常有才华的, 但是她对她兄弟不具优势因为他是更好的歌手)

23. 主要在美国, 某人演奏或表演很好:
He is on his game. [=he is playing very well] (他演奏很好)

回复

在线用户

正浏览此版面之用户: 没有注册用户 和 69 访客