01. mittimus judgment
定义: 收监令
例句: Mittimus judgment is an written order issued by the court directing the responsible officer to present a convicted person in a criminal case to the Department of Corrections for incarceration. (收监令是一份由法院发出的书面命令指示负责的警官将某一刑案被定罪者交予狱政局监禁服刑)
02. modification
定义: 修改先前法院命令的请求
例句: A motion to the court for modification is common after divorce judgments because the courts retain jurisdiction over matters concerning the children which may need changes. (由于法院仍然保持对仍需改变的儿女事务管辖权, 离婚判决后提出一份诉请法庭修改庭令的动议是常见的)
03. moot
定义: 尚未成为/非本案裁决对象; 与本案无关; 没有意义的; 假设性的
例句: Where a defendant is acting wrongfully, but ceases to engage in such conduct once a litigation has been threatened or commenced, the court will still not deem this correction to moot the case. (由于某一被告做出非法行为, 但一旦被威胁或开始对他提告之后就停止其非法行为, 法院仍会认为其行为的改正与本案有关)
04. motion
定义: 动议, 提议, 请求
例句: A motion almost always contains a recitation of the facts of the case and the situation prompting the movant to make the request. (一份动议几乎总会包括一份本案事实的陈述以及促成提出动议者做出此请求的情况原委的陈述)
05. motion in limine
定义: (审理前)禁止对方使用某些证据的动议或请求
例句: A motion in limine is most often made by a party who believes that evidence would prejudice the jury against him or her. (一份禁止对方使用某证据的请求最经常被认为这件证据会使陪审团对他/她产生偏见的一方当事人所提出的)
06. motion to lift the automatic stay
定义: 提议解除自动禁止令(当破产申请递交到法院时, 法院发出的停止诉讼, 没收, 扣押, 扣缴的禁止令)
例句: When a creditor files a motion to lift the automatic stay, the debtor is entitled to a hearing. The creditor must convince the court that there is a good reason to lift the stay. (当一名债权人提出解除自动禁止令的请求时, 此债务人有权利参与听审. 这名债权人必须以正当理由说服法院发出解除禁止令)
07. movant / moving party
定义: 提出动议的人
例句: The movant is usually required to serve advance written notice along with written legal argument justifying the motion. The party opposing the motion is the nonmovant. (这名提动议者一般需要事先提交书面通知与书面法律论据来证明此请求是合法的. 反对此请求的一方被称为nonmovant)
08. mug shot
定义: (嫌犯档案)面部照片
例句: Mug shots may be compiled into a mug book in order to determine the identity of a criminal. In high-profile cases mug shots may also be published by the media. (嫌犯面部照片可以编制成一本档案册以便辨认罪犯的身份. 在备受瞩目的案件中, 嫌犯面部照片也可以在媒体上公布)
嫌犯面部照片
09. ne exeat /ne exeat republica
定义: 扣留令, 禁止离境令
例句: In the US, ne exeat is still provided for in the Internal Revenue Code, and is also used in child custody cases to refer to a parent's right to control the child's place of residence. (在美国, 禁止离境令仍然被国税法所援用, 它也适用于子女抚养权争议案件中的父/母控制子女居住地的权利)
10. neglected minor
定义: 疏于照顾/无人照顾的未成年人
例句: Neglected minor is a child or youth who has been abandoned, is being denied proper attention, or is being left to live under conditions injurious to their well being. (疏于照顾的未成年人是一名被遗弃的儿童或少年, 他/她无法取得适当关怀, 或被弃置于对其福祉有伤害的环境下生活)
11. negligence
定义: 疏失罪, 过失行为
例句: Negligence forms a common basis for civil litigation, with plaintiffs suing for damages based on a variety of injuries, from physical or property damage to business errors and miscalculations. (疏失罪成为民事诉讼常见的法律依据, 由原告基于各种损害提告求偿, 从人身或财务损失至商业失误与错误评估)
12. negligent homicide
定义: 过失杀人罪
例句: The offense involves the killing of another while driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol is considered a negligent homicide. (涉及吸毒或酒醉驾车致人死亡的犯行被视为过失杀人罪)
13. no-contact order
定义: 禁止接触受害者的保护令
例句: A no-contact order prohibits someone from being in physical or telephone contact with someone else. In most cases, the court specifies the distance this person must keep from the other. (禁止接触保护令严禁某人与另一人作实质或电话接触. 大多数案件里, 法院会明确指示此人与另一方必须保持一定距离)
14. no contest / nolo contendere
定义: (不认罪的)放弃辩护
例句: In the United States, state law determines whether, and under what circumstances, a defendant may plead no contest in state criminal cases. (在美国, 州政府法令决定是否, 在何种情况下, 一名刑事案件被告可以提出放弃辩护的请求)
15. no-fault divorce
定义: 无过失离婚, 婚姻无可能复合的离婚
例句: Laws providing for no-fault divorce also often limit the potential legal defenses of a respondent who would prefer to remain married. (规定无过失离婚的法律也经常限制仍想要维持婚姻关系的被告有可能的法律辩护)
16. no-asset case
定义: (第七章破产)无财产破产案件
例句: A no-asset case would be a bankruptcy in which all of the debtor's assets are exempt under the US Bankruptcy Code. (无财产破产案件有可能是一笔这名债务人所有的财产被美国破产法豁免清算的破产案件)
17. nolle prosequi, (nolle)
定义: 不予起诉; 撤回诉讼
例句: When the charges are dismissed, you are found not guilty, a plea of nolle prosequi is entered, and the court discharged all probation proceedings and the prosecution was suspended. (当此控告被驳回时, 你被判无罪, 不予起诉的请求被登录, 这个法庭终止所有的缓刑诉讼程序以及暂停此起诉)
18. non sequitur
定义: 不根据事实的推理, 似乎无法合理答覆的陈述
例句: Non sequitur is a term usually means that a conclusion does not logically follow from the facts or law, stated: "That's a non sequitur." (不根据事实的推理是一个术语一般是指一个结论无法从事实或法律推论出来, 可以被声称: "这是不根据事实的推理.")
19. nondischargeable debt
定义: (债务人)不可消除的债务
例句: Student loans are generally nondischargeable debts in bankruptcy. To discharge student loans, you must show extreme hardship but the standard for hardship discharge is very high. (学生贷款在破产案件里一般是不可消除的债务. 要消除学生贷款,你必须显示极端困苦但利用困苦来解除此贷款的标准很高)
20. nonexempt assets
定义: (破产人不可豁免或不可保留的)财产, 必须偿债财产
例句: In a Chapter 7 bankruptcy proceeding, the trustee assigned to the case is responsible for liquidating any nonexempt assets. (于第七章破产诉讼程序中, 被指派为这笔案件的托管人负责将不可豁免的财产拍卖偿债)